Mongol

Comming from Eastern Europe and scattering in Kazakhstan ancsient Turks created the Andronovo culture in this area. After arriving to the forest zone east of the steppes near Altai, the Turkic tribes came into contact with the indigenous population. Archaeological studies resulted that there were two large independent tribe associations on the territory of Mongolia already from the end the 3rd mill BC. One of these associations (the eastern) was related to Mongoloid population, and the second (western) had Europeoid origin. Belonging to the Mongolian anthropological type, the local inhabitants subsisted on fishing, hunting, and food-gathering. Their system of oral communication was not yet enough developed. While adapting to the more advanced economy of new settlers, indigenous groups borrowed many terms and features common to the Turkic languages.

The massive infiltration of the Turkic vocabulary and grammatical forms to the language began to closest neighbors - the Mongols and Tungus, and from them to the more eastern languages of ethnic groups. In this way, the Turkic and Mongolian languages came to acquire some formal similarities which deceive to-day linguists as if Altaic and Turkic language families have the same genetic origin. Meanwhile, commingling between the two populations led to these Turkic peoples’ acquisition of Mongolian physical traits. Later, with the beginning of the Mongolian expansion at the 13th century, the reverse process of borrowing from Mongolian to Turkic languages started quite naturally. Mongolian loan words in Turkic hid the question about relation the Mongolian and Turkic languages still more. Sir Gerard Clauson noted that “the existence of this massive volume of Mongolian intruders seems somehow to have escaped notice, or, if noticed, to have been regarded by those who accept Altaic theory as evidence of a common “Altaic” heritage in both language groups”. Such circumstance give us a chance to construct the graphical model of typological relation of Altaic languages Thus, we can find rhe origin areas of Altaic languages using this model.

According to the map the population of Mongoloid anthropological type which spoke genetically related languages inhabited forest areas in the basin of Amur. The local population sustained themselves by hunting, fishing, and gathering. However, unlike the population of Mongolia and Siberia, the people led more sedentary lifestyles which resulted to formation of distinct particular ethnic groups as large river here limited their distant wandering. Archaeological data indicate that the “agricultural” features in the economy of the Amur region began to appear only in the 3rd – 2nd mill BC that can be connected with arrival of Turkic tribes.