| The Dagestanian and Nakh languages |
The Nakh-Dagestanian languages consist of two branches: Nakh and Dagestanian. The Nach languages are presented by Chechen, Ingush, Batsbi, and Kisti. The numerous Dagestan languages are divided by linguists in the Avar-Andi, Didoic (Tsezian), Lezghian language groups, the Dargwa, and Lak languages. Obviously, the common parent of the Nakh-Dagestanian language was split on these six primary languages. The first graphic model was constructed for them and later the graphic models were constructed for the languages of the Avar-Andi, Tsezian, and Lezgjian groups. The graphic were constructed by using the data of
The International Etymological Database Project
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| The graphic model of the Nakh-Dagestanian languages corresponds to the valley disposition in Dagestan Mountains. (See the map right). |
| The map above shows the settlement areas of the speakers of the first primary Nakh-Dagestanian languages in Dagestan at the time of their forming and the ways of the migrations of the Dagestan population to new settlements nearby. Farther the Avar-Andi, Tsezian, and Lezgjian parent languages were split to new languages on new areas. |
The graphic models of the Avar-Andi, Tsezian, and Lezgjian languages.
The areas of the arising modern-day Dagestanian languages were found according to these models, they are shown on the map below. The borders between different language areas are formed by mountain ranges which hampered contacts of people populated river valleys. |
| The map right can be compared with the map of the languages of East and Northeastern Caгcasus at the middle of the 20th century. (See below). State boundaries are marked with rot |
The Caucasian languages
The Kartvelian group
1. Georgian
The Abkhazo- Adyghe group
2. Abkhaz
3. Abaza
4. Kabarda-Circassian
5. Circassian
6. Adyghe
The Nakh group
7. Chechen
8. Ingush
9. Kisti
10. Batsbi
The Dagestan group
11. Avar
12. Lak
13. Dargwa
14. Tabasaran
15. Lezghi
16. Agul
17. Rutul
18. Tsakhur
19. Khinalug
20. Kryz
21. Budukh
22. Udi |
The Indoeuropean languages
The Slavic group
23. Russian
24. Ukrainian
The Armenian group
25. Armenian
The Iranian group
26. Ossetic
27. Kurdish
28.Talyshian
29.Tatish
30. Jew-Tatish
The Greek group
31. Greek
The Germanic group
32. German
The Romanic group
33. Moldavian |
The Altaic languages
The Turkic group 34. Azerbaijani 35. Karachai 36. Balkarian 37. Kumyk 38. Nogai 39. Turkmen 40. Tataric 41. Kazakh
The Mongalian group 42. Kalmyk
The Semitic-Hamitic language 43. Aissor (New-East-Aramean)
The Uralic languages 44. Estonian 45. Mordvin
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